Which of the following is included in the basic fundamentals of good conformation?

Good conformation in horses encompasses several essential fundamentals that contribute to their overall athletic performance, soundness, and suitability for specific disciplines. These fundamentals include proportions, structural correctness, and balance.

Proportions refer to the relationship between different parts of a horse's body, such as the length of the legs in relation to the body. Proper proportions ensure that the horse can move efficiently and effectively, which is crucial for performance.

Structural correctness involves the alignment and formation of the horse's limbs, joints, and body parts. A structurally correct horse is less likely to suffer from injuries and ailments, allowing for longevity in its athletic career.

Balance pertains to the horse's ability to maintain equilibrium, which is vital for optimal movement and performance. A well-balanced horse can shift its weight smoothly and transition easily between different gaits or activities.

Since all these elements play a fundamental role in ensuring good conformation, the inclusion of all these aspects as key components of conformation makes the statement that “all of the answers are listed” the correct choice. Recognizing the importance of these fundamentals allows horse evaluators to assess conformation accurately and understand how it affects a horse's overall performance.