Which of the following best describes Cushing's Syndrome in horses?

Cushing's Syndrome, also known as Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction (PPID) in horses, is primarily characterized as a hormonal imbalance. This condition arises when there is an overproduction of certain hormones due to dysfunction in the pituitary gland. Specifically, the pituitary gland releases excessive adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), leading to increased production of cortisol from the adrenal glands.

The clinical signs of Cushing's Syndrome can include symptoms such as a long, curly coat, increased thirst and urination, muscle wasting, and susceptibility to infections. This imbalance in hormone levels is not related to genetic factors, viral infections, or orthopedic issues, making the differentiation of Cushing's Syndrome as a hormonal imbalance critical for proper diagnosis and management in affected horses. Understanding this condition's hormonal nature can assist caretakers and veterinarians in recognizing symptoms early and beginning appropriate treatment protocols.